MDL | - |
---|---|
Molecular Weight | 151.25 |
Molecular Formula | C10H17N |
SMILES | NC12C[C@H]3C[C@@H](C2)C[C@@H](C1)C3 |
Amantadine (1-Adamantanamine) is an orally avtive and potent antiviral agent with activity against influenza A viruses. Amantadine inhibits several ion channels such as NMDA and M2 , and also inhibits Coronavirus ion channels. Amantadine also has anti- orthopoxvirus and anticancer activity. Amantadine can be used for Parkinson's disease, postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and COVID-19 research [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] .
CDK2 |
Bcl-2 |
Bax |
Amantadine (0-500 µM, 26 h) inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication, with IC
50
concentrations between 83 and 119 µM
[4]
.
Amantadine (0-100 µg/mL, 24-72 h) markedly inhibits the proliferation of HepG2 and SMMC‑7721 cells
[6]
.
Amantadine (0-75 µg/mL, 48 h) arrests the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and induces apoptosis
[6]
.
Amantadine (0-75 µg/mL, 48 h) reduces the levels of the cell cycle‑related genes and proteins (cyclin D1, cyclin E and CDK2), reduces Bcl-2 and increases the Bax protein and mRNA levels
[6]
.
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Viability Assay [4]
Cell Line: | Vero E6 cells |
Concentration: | 500 µM, 100 µM, 20 µM, 4 µM, and 8 nM |
Incubation Time: | 26 h |
Result: | Caused a concentration-dependent reduction (IC 50 =83 µM) of viral nucleic acids in the supernatant 26 h after infection at 10-500 µM. Caused a concentration-dependent reduction (IC 50 =119 µM) of viral nucleic acids in the cytosol 26 h after infection. |
Cell Proliferation Assay [6]
Cell Line: | Human HCC cell lines (HepG2 and SMMC-7721) and normal hepatocellular cells (L02 cells) |
Concentration: | 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL |
Incubation Time: | 24, 48 and 72 h |
Result: | Inhibited cellular proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. |
Cell Cycle Analysis [6]
Cell Line: | HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells |
Concentration: | 0, 10, 25, 50 and 75 µg/mL |
Incubation Time: | 48 h |
Result: | Significantly increased the population of HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells in the G0/G1 phase in a dose-dependent manner, and significantly decreased the number of HepG2 cells in the S phase. |
Apoptosis Analysis [6]
Cell Line: | HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells |
Concentration: | 0, 10, 25, 50 and 75 µg/mL |
Incubation Time: | 48 h |
Result: | Markedly increased the percentage of apoptotic HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells (early- and late-stage apoptosis) in a dose-dependent manner. |
Western Blot Analysis [6]
Cell Line: | HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells |
Concentration: | 0, 10, 25, 50 and 75 µg/mL |
Incubation Time: | 48 h |
Result: | Showed downregulation of cyclin D1, cyclin E and CDK2, and showed a decrease in Bcl-2 levels and an increase of Bax levels in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. |
RT-PCR [6]
Cell Line: | HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells |
Concentration: | 0, 10, 25, 50 and 75 µg/mL |
Incubation Time: | 48 h |
Result: | Revealed an increase in Bax and decrease in Bcl-2 genes. |
Amantadine (25 mg/kg, IP, once daily for 3 days) inhibits surgery induced neuroinflammation and learning and memory impairment [5] .
MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model: | Fischer 344 rats (Four-month old, male, 290-330 g, 15 rats each group) [5] |
Dosage: | 25 mg/kg |
Administration: | IP, once daily for 3 days (the first dose at 15 min before surgery) |
Result: | Inhibited surgery induced neuroinflammation and learning and memory impairment, increased GDNF (glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor) that was co-localized with glial fibrillary acidic protein (an astrocytic marker) in the hippocampus. |
NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date | Phase |
---|---|---|---|---|
NCT01099059 | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
|
April 2010 | Phase 2 |
NCT04260581 | Seoul National University Hospital |
Parkinson Disease
|
March 1, 2020 | Not Applicable |
NCT00627250 | Wake Forest University Health Sciences|U.S. Department of Education |
Irritable Mood|Aggression|Traumatic Brain Injury
|
March 2003 | Not Applicable |
NCT00127114 | Johns Hopkins University |
Dementia
|
September 2005 | Phase 4 |
NCT00950196 | Sheba Medical Center |
Ataxia|Chorea|Dystonia|Parkinsonism|Fatigue
|
November 2008 | Phase 4 |
NCT02566720 | Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation |
Acquired Brain Injury|Coma|Persistent Vegetative State|Minimally Conscious State|Traumatic Brain Injury
|
January 2016 | Not Applicable |
NCT00830323 | Hospices Civils de Lyon |
Influenza A Infection
|
January 2009 | Phase 2 |
NCT04936126 | All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar|Indian Council of Medical Research |
Treatment Resistant Depression
|
August 7, 2021 | Phase 4 |
NCT01789047 | Rush University Medical Center|Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson´s Research |
Idiopathic Parkinson´s Disease|Drug Induced Dyskinesia
|
March 2013 | Phase 2 |
NCT01071395 | Rush University Medical Center|Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson´s Research |
Parkinson´s Disease
|
January 2010 | Phase 4 |
NCT00127777 | University Hospital, Saarland|Hoffmann-La Roche |
Hepatitis C, Chronic
|
July 2002 | Phase 4 |
NCT00600093 | Rabin Medical Center |
Parkinson Disease|Perioperative Care
|
January 2008 | Phase 2 |
NCT00416962 | Novartis|Hoffmann-La Roche |
Healthy
|
August 2006 | Phase 1 |
NCT00188383 | University Health Network, Toronto|Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) |
Hyperalgesia|Pain|Prostate Cancer
|
January 2004 | Phase 1|Phase 2 |
NCT00000301 | University of California, Los Angeles|National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) |
Cocaine-Related Disorders
|
March 1996 | Phase 2 |
NCT03612921 | Assiut University |
Intubation, Intratracheal
|
August 15, 2018 | Phase 2 |
NCT00970944 | JFK Medical Center|U.S. Department of Education |
Traumatic Brain Injury
|
February 2003 | Phase 2|Phase 3 |
NCT03172234 | Ghada Mohammed AboelFadl|Assiut University |
Effect of Laryngoscopy and Tracheal Intubation
|
June 15, 2017 | Phase 2|Phase 3 |
NCT05479032 | University Hospital Tuebingen |
Disorder of Consciousness
|
September 2022 | Phase 2 |
NCT00800514 | Wake Forest University Health Sciences |
Traumatic Brain Injury
|
January 2009 | Not Applicable |
NCT02486211 | Jon Rittenberger, MD|American Heart Association|University of Pittsburgh |
Coma|Heart Arrest|Anoxia
|
September 2015 | Phase 2 |
NCT00999505 | Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre |
Schizophrenia
|
May 2010 | Phase 3 |
NCT04244058 | Weill Medical College of Cornell University |
Disorder of Consciousness|Traumatic Brain Injury
|
September 23, 2020 | Early Phase 1 |
NCT05140148 | University of Pennsylvania |
Stroke, Ischemic|Stroke Hemorrhagic
|
February 1, 2022 | Phase 2 |
NCT00287352 | University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill|Eli Lilly and Company |
Psychotic Disorder|Schizophreniform Disorder|Schizophrenia|Schizoaffective Disorder|Mood Disorders With Psychotic Features
|
May 2005 | Phase 1 |
NCT01467258 | University of Manitoba|St. Boniface Hospital |
Healthy Metabolism
|
November 2011 | Not Applicable |
NCT00779324 | Wake Forest University Health Sciences|Indiana University|University of Washington|The Institute for Rehabilitaion and Research Foundation|Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital|Ohio State University|Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai |
Brain Injury|Aggression
|
August 2009 | Not Applicable |
NCT02277938 | University of Manitoba|BioMark Technologies Inc.|St. Boniface Hospital |
Cancer
|
August 2013 | |
NCT04854759 | Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Lublin |
COVID-19|SARS-CoV-2
|
March 15, 2021 | Phase 3 |
NCT04530006 | CancerCare Manitoba|University of Manitoba|The Metabolomics Innovation Centre|BioMark Diagnostics Inc.|Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) |
Glioblastoma Multiforme
|
December 2, 2020 | Not Applicable |
NCT02321761 | Loewenstein Hospital |
Traumatic Brain Injury
|
June 2014 | Phase 4 |
NCT01441986 | Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung GmbH|Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf |
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
|
September 2011 | Phase 2 |
NCT00401973 | Eli Lilly and Company |
Schizophrenia|Schizoaffective Disorders
|
November 2006 | Phase 3 |
NCT00299923 | University of Hamburg-Eppendorf|Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf|Hoffmann-La Roche |
Hepatitis C, Chronic|Relapse
|
November 2005 | Phase 3 |
NCT00146016 | UMC Utrecht |
Chronic Hepatitis C
|
February 2000 | Phase 3 |
NCT03988010 | TC Erciyes University |
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction
|
May 1, 2019 | Phase 4 |
NCT03430817 | Ain Shams University |
Intensive Care Unit
|
December 7, 2017 | Phase 4 |
NCT05504057 | Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa|Institut Català de la Salut |
COVID-19
|
March 1, 2020 | |
NCT01313819 | Seoul National University Hospital |
Parkinson´s Disease|Freezing of Gait
|
April 2011 | Phase 4 |
NCT04273737 | Columbia University |
Cerebral Palsy
|
February 28, 2020 | Phase 4 |
NCT02025439 | Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital |
Traumatic Brain Injury
|
February 2014 | Not Applicable |
NCT00158132 | University of Pennsylvania|National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) |
Cocaine-Related Disorders
|
September 1999 | Phase 2 |
NCT01652534 | Northwestern University |
Parkinson´s Disease
|
June 2011 | Phase 3 |
NCT02153645 | Adamas Pharmaceuticals, Inc. |
Parkinson´s Disease|Levodopa Induced Dyskinesias (LID)
|
August 18, 2014 | Phase 3 |
NCT00693121 | Methodist Rehabilitation Center|U.S. Department of Education |
Traumatic Brain Injury|Posttraumatic Confusional State|Delirium
|
April 2003 | Phase 4 |
NCT04894617 | Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre|University of Copenhagen |
Covid19
|
June 1, 2021 | Phase 3 |
NCT00755898 | University of Manitoba|Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)|BioMark Technologies Inc. |
Cancer
|
December 2003 | Phase 2 |
NCT04527289 | Damanhour University |
Trauma, Brain
|
September 30, 2020 | Phase 4 |
NCT01313845 | Jee-Young Lee|Seoul National University Boramae Hospital|Samsung Medical Center|Seoul National University Bundang Hospital|Hanyang University|Seoul National University Hospital |
Parkinson´s Disease
|
February 2011 | Phase 4 |
NCT00538811 | Aga Khan University |
Hepatitis C|Genotype 3|Non-responders|Relapsers
|
Phase 2|Phase 3 | |
NCT03185065 | Johns Hopkins University|Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute |
Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis
|
October 4, 2017 | Phase 3 |
NCT04427241 | Konkuk University Medical Center|Ever Neuro Pharma GmbH |
Brain Injuries, Traumatic|Disorder of Consciousness
|
August 1, 2022 | Phase 4 |
NCT03527134 | Zhiyi Zuo|Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University|Sun Yat-sen University |
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction
|
April 30, 2019 | Not Applicable |
NCT01538329 | University Hospital, Toulouse |
Parkinson Disease
|
March 4, 2012 | Phase 2 |
NCT00221624 | University Hospital, Bordeaux|Hoffmann-La Roche |
HCV Infection|Hepatitis C, Chronic
|
November 2001 | Phase 3 |
NCT02153632 | Adamas Pharmaceuticals, Inc. |
Parkinson´s Disease|Levodopa Induced Dyskinesia (LID)
|
July 30, 2014 | Phase 3 |
NCT03178708 | Assiut University |
Spinal Curvatures
|
August 1, 2017 | Phase 2|Phase 3 |
NCT00122629 | French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis|Schering-Plough |
Hepatitis C, Chronic
|
October 2000 | Phase 3 |
NCT03443037 | Dokuz Eylul University |
Coma; Prolonged|Amantadine
|
March 1, 2016 | |
NCT00001930 | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)|National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC) |
Chorea|Huntington´s Disease
|
April 1999 | Phase 2 |
NCT00975611 | David C. Henderson, MD|Ortho-McNeil Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC|North Suffolk Mental Health Association |
Schizophrenia|Schizoaffective Disorder
|
October 2009 | Phase 4 |
NCT04173832 | Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine|Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine|Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine|Wenzhou Central Hospital|The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University|Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine|The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University |
L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia
|
January 1, 2020 | Not Applicable |
NCT00015249 | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)|New York MDRU |
Cocaine-Related Disorders|Substance-Related Disorders
|
February 1997 | Phase 1 |
NCT00794313 | Oregon Health and Science University |
Parkinson´s Disease
|
September 2009 | Not Applicable |
NCT00015236 | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)|New York MDRU |
Cocaine-Related Disorders|Substance-Related Disorders
|
March 1997 | Phase 4 |
NCT04952519 | Noblewell|Medical Research Agency, Poland|Leszek Giec Upper-Silesian Medical Centre of the Silesian Medical University in Katowice, Poland |
Patients With Moderate or Severe COVID-19
|
March 30, 2021 | Phase 3 |
NCT01190553 | Rabin Medical Center |
Parkinson Disease
|
November 2010 | Not Applicable |
NCT00000281 | Yale University|National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)|VA Connecticut Healthcare System |
Cocaine-Related Disorders|Substance-Related Disorders|Shcizophrenia
|
September 1994 | Phase 2 |
Solid
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
4°C, protect from light
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)
DMSO : 1 mg/mL ( 6.61 mM ; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)
Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
---|
1 mM | 6.6116 mL | 33.0578 mL | 66.1157 mL |
5 mM | 1.3223 mL | 6.6116 mL | 13.2231 mL |
10 mM | --- | --- | --- |